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1.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 40(8): 1129-1132, Aug. 2007. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-456801

ABSTRACT

The in vitro ability of Pothomorphe umbellata ethanolic crude extract to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in normal cornea and in cornea after alkali injury was demonstrated. Corneas of albino rabbits were injured with 1 N NaOH for 20 s. After 48 h the corneas were excised, homogenized and analyzed for MMP-9 (92 kDa), pro-MMP-2 (72 kDa) and MMP-2 (67 kDa) activity by gelatin zymography. The activity was also measured in untreated corneas. After electrophoresis of 20 æg protein, gels were incubated with 50, 100, or 250 µg/mL lyophilized hydroethanolic (1:1) root crude extract of P. umbellata standardized for 4-nerolidylcatechol (7.09 percent). The activity of the enzymes was compared with that of untreated gel. At 48 h after injury, the activity of all MMPs was increased compared with untreated eyes. When the gels were incubated with P. umbellata extract the activity of MMP-2, pro-MMP-2 and MMP-9 decreased in a dose-dependent manner. MMP-9 activity decreased by approximately 50 percent after incubation with 50 µg/mL and was completely abolished at 100 and 250 µg/mL of the extract. After incubation with 50 µg/mL the activity of pro-MMP-2 and MMP-2 also decreased by 50 percent. The activity of pro-MMP-2 was almost completely abolished after incubation with 250 µg/mL of the extract. For MMP-2 the incubation with 100 or 250 µg/mL of the extract of P. umbellata promoted a 10-fold decrease in activity. In conclusion, P. umbellata root crude extract can be useful as an alternative therapy to control MMP activity after corneal injury.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Burns, Chemical/enzymology , Cornea/injuries , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Eye Burns/chemically induced , Matrix Metalloproteinases/antagonists & inhibitors , Piperaceae/chemistry , Cornea/enzymology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Enzyme Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Eye Burns/enzymology , Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 34(8): 1023-1031, Aug. 2001. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-290151

ABSTRACT

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligatory intracellular parasite whose life cycle may include man as an intermediate host. More than 500 million people are infected with this parasite worldwide. It has been previously reported that T. gondii contains a superantigen activity. The purpose of the present study was to determine if the putative superantigen activity of T. gondii would manifest towards human T cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from individuals with no previous contact with the parasite were evaluated for proliferation as well as specific Vá expansion after exposure to Toxoplasma antigens. Likewise, PBMC from individuals with the congenital infection were evaluated for putative Vá family deletions in their T cell repertoire. We also evaluated, over a period of one year, the PBMC proliferation pattern in response to Toxoplasma antigens in patients with recently acquired infection. Some degree of proliferation in response to T. gondii was observed in the PBMC from individuals never exposed to the parasite, accompanied by specific Vá expansion, suggesting a superantigen effect. However, we found no specific deletion of Vá (or Valpha) families in the blood of congenitally infected individuals. Furthermore, PBMC from recently infected individuals followed up over a period of one year did not present a reduction of the Vá families that were originally expanded in response to the parasite antigens. Taken together, our data suggest that T. gondii does not have a strong superantigen activity on human T cells


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Animals , Superantigens/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/immunology , Flow Cytometry , Follow-Up Studies , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/immunology
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 33(7): 779-89, July 2000. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-262677

ABSTRACT

The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and complications of the use of an intraocular sustained-release ganciclovir implant for the treatment of active cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients. Thirty-nine eyes of 26 patients were submitted to ocular surgery. All patients underwent complete ocular examination before and after surgery. The surgical procedure was always done under local anesthesia using the same technique. The mean time for the surgical procedure was 20 min (range, 15 to 30 min). The average follow-up period was 3.7 months. Of all patient, only 4 presented recurrence of retinitis after 8, 8, 9 and 2 months, respectively. Three of them received a successful second implant. All 39 eyes of the 26 patients presented healing of retinitis as shown by clinical improvement evaluated by indirect binocular ophthalmoscopy and retinography. Retinitis healed within a period of 4 to 6 weeks in all patients, with clinical regression signs from the third week on. Six (15.4 percent) eyes developed retinal detachment. None of the patients developed CMV retinitis in the contralateral eye. The intraocular implant proved to be effective in controlling the progression of retinitis for a period of up to 8 months even in patients for whom systemic therapy with either ganciclovir or foscarnet or both had failed. The intraocular sustained-release ganciclovir implant proved to be a safe new procedure for the treatment of CMV retinitis, avoiding the systemic side effects caused by the intravenous medications and improving the quality of life of the patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Cytomegalovirus Retinitis/drug therapy , Ganciclovir/administration & dosage , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/complications , Antiviral Agents/pharmacokinetics , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cytomegalovirus Retinitis/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Ganciclovir/pharmacokinetics , Ganciclovir/therapeutic use , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
5.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 41(3): 193-6, maio-jun. 1995. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-156295

ABSTRACT

Introduçäo. Realizado estudo com a finalidade de avaliar a freqüência da infecçäo por C. trachomatis em gestantes de Säo Paulo. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS. Um grupo de 122 gestantes (80 adultas e 42 adolescentes) foram submetidas a exame obstétrico completo e pesquisa de C. trachomatis na cérvice, pela técnica de ELISA (Chlamydiazyme). RESULTADOS. Foram positivos 11 mulheres (9 por cento), sendo oito (10 por cento) adultas e três (7 por cento) adolescentes. CONCLUSÄO. Nesta populaçäo estudade em Säo Paulo a idade das pacientes, bem como eatado civil, número de parceiros sexuais, existência de outra doença sexualmente transmissível, presença de cervicite ou a ocorrência de abortos näo foram fatores de risco para a presença de C. trachomatis


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/microbiology , Chlamydia Infections/complications , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
7.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 40(3): 155-8, jul.-set. 1994. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-143888

ABSTRACT

Os autores avaliaram 445 pacientes HIV positivos e identificaram as manifestaçöes oftalmológicas presentes nesses pacientes. OBJETIVO. Identificar e correlacionar as alteraçöes oftalmológicas com dados de literatura, bem como correlacioná-las com as diversas manifestaçöes clínicas presentes na síndrome. MÉTODOS. Foram estudados 445 pacientes ambulatoriais HIV (com 66 por cento e sem 34 por cento AIDS), sendo 87 por cento do sexo masculino e 58,2 por cento homossexuais, no período de um ano, atendidos na Escola Paulista de Medicina, Hospital Säo Paulo. RESULTADOS. Do total de pacientes examinados, 52 por cento apresentaram alteraçöes oculares secundárias à infecçäo pelo HIV ao primeiro exame (27 por cento bilaterais). A retinite por citomegalovírus esteve presente em 25 por cento deles, seguida por toxoplasmose ocular (8,5 por cento), retinite por herpes (3,6 por cento), papiledema (2,2 por cento), atrofia óptica (1,6 por cento), phthisis bulbi (1,5 por cento), coroidite multifocal (1,2 por cento), hemorragia retiniana (0,9 por cento), uveíte por sífilis (0,6 por cento) e oclusäo da veia central da retina (0,2 por cento). CONCLUSAO. Nossos dados estäo de acordo com a literatura mundial, com exceçäo feita à retinocoroidite por toxoplasmose, que mostrou muito maior freqüência em nosso meio, se comparada à da literatura. Pudemos observar, também, uma alta taxa de descolamento de retina secundário à inflamaçäo intra-ocular. Nenhum caso de coroidite por Pneumocystis carinii foi diagnosticado nessa época


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Eye Diseases/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Eye Diseases/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications
9.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 52(3): 63-7, 1989. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-77667

ABSTRACT

O estudo da microbiotica fúngica da conjuntiva sadia de 104 trabalhadores no corte da cana-de-açucar, no município de Santa Rita, Estado da Paraíba, apresentou como conclusöes que: 1) As culturas foram positivas em 38,5% dos indivíduos. 2) O fungo filamentoso mais comumente encontrado foi o Fusarium ssp (19,65%) sendo a espécie F. solani a mais freqüente (40,0%). Dentre as leveduras, destacou-se a Candida spp (50,0%) e a espécie C. albicans (43,58%). 3) Houve predominância dos fungos leveduriformes sobre os filamentosos. 4) A média do número de colônias por placas näo foi alta, mostrando uma microbiótica reduzida em cada trabalhador. 5) Fungos reconhecidamente patogênicos para o olho fizeram parte da microbiota fúngica. Nove gêneros diferentes foram identificados, mostrando uma microbióta variada. 6) A freqüência fúngica, quando comparada aos resultados de SCARPI, mostrou grande variaçäo. 7) A maioria dos fungos encontrados na conjuntiva foram isolados também na superfície epidérmica da folha de cana-de-açucar e colmo como também no ar, mostrando a participaçäo da contaminaçäo ambiental para conjuntiva. 8) Foi significante o aumento progressivo da freqüência fúngica em conjuntiva normal com o evoluir da idade. O estudo da microbiótica fúngica da cana-de açucar, epiderme colmo e da folha demonstrou que: 1) Os fungos isolados pertenciam a 13 gêneros. 2) O fungo mais frequentemente identificado foi o Fusarium spp., sendo o F. moniliforme na epiderme do colmo da cana, e o solani na epiderme da folha de cana os mais freqüentes. 3) Há maior variaçäo no gênereo entre os fungos presentes na folha. 4) A Candida albicans foi a levedura mais encontrada. 5) Os fungos mais freqüentemente encontrados por SCARPI, foram verificados em baixa freqüência nesse estudo e vice-versa. A análise da microbióta fúngica anemófila do canavial revelou que: 1) Identificaram-se 18 variedades de gêneros; 2) O fungo mais comumente isolado foi o Fusarium, e a espécie foi F. oxysporum; 3) A freqüência média de crescimento de fungo por placa foi alta; em 20 placas expostas ao meio ambiente, 18 mostraram crescimento fúngico; 4) Candida albicans foi a levedura identificada com maior freqüência. 5) Houve grande variedade fúngica nesse estudo, em comparaçäo com o trabalho de SCARPI


Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Conjunctiva/microbiology , Rural Workers , Brazil , Candida albicans/isolation & purification , Fusarium/isolation & purification
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